Autor: Bernadette Hawkes

Dr. Elaine Arnold researched the effects of broken attachments, separation and loss on children and families separated through immigration from the Caribbean to Britain. She was instrumental in the founding of the Separation and Reunion Forum and teaches the concepts of Attachment Theory to counsellors and social workers. Bernadette Hawkes trained as a Psychoanalytic Psychotherapist after long experience as a probation officer. She is currently Clinical Services Manager for the Mapesbury Clinic for People in Exile. Her interests are in the areas of Intercultural and Forensic Psychotherapy and the use of African Caribbean and African American literature and psychotherapy.