This book focuses on the ecological impacts of the Great East Japan Earthquake and resulting tsunamis, a rare and extremely large disturbance event, on various coastal ecosystems in Japan’s Tohoku area, including sub-tidal and tidal animal communities, sand dune plant communities and coastal forests. The studies presented here describe not only how species and populations in these ecosystems were disturbed by the earthquake and tsunamis, but also how the communities have responded to the event and what types of anthropogenic activities will hamper their recovery processes.
In the ecological sciences, it is often argued that large disturbances are critical to shaping community structures and biodiversity in local and regional habitats. However, our understanding of these roles remains limited, simply because there have been few opportunities to examine and address the ecological impacts of large disturbance events. The scale of the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake makes it one of the largest hazards in the past 1000 years. Thus, this book provides a unique opportunity to advance our understanding of the ecological impacts of large and rare disturbances and the implications of these events in the conservation and management of coastal ecosystems.
Following an outline of the Great East Japan Earthquake, the book’s content is divided into two major parts. Part I reports on studies examining the ecological impacts of the tsunamis on sub-tidal and tidal animal communities, while Part II focuses on terrestrial plant communities in Japan’s coastal Tohoku area.
This book will benefit all scientists interested in the ecological impacts of large disturbances on aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems in general, and especially those who are interested in the ecological management of coastal ecosystems and Ecosystem based Disaster Risk Reduction (Eco DRR).
Spis treści
1 Outline of the Great East Japan Earthquake.- Part I Aquatic Ecosystems.- 2 Succession of an intertidal community on a jetty on the northeast coast of Honshu Island after the Great East Japan Earthquake .- 3 Rocky Intertidal Zonation: Impacts and Recovery from the 2011 Tohoku Megaquake.- 4 Quantitative Evaluation of the Impact of the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake Tsunami on the Rocky Intertidal Community.- 5 Rocky Intertidal Barnacle Population Dynamics: Impacts and Recovery from the 2011 Tohoku Megaquake.- 6 Ecological impacts of earthquake and tsunami and the following succession on the subtidal macrobenthic community in Onagawa Bay, northeastern Japan, with special reference to the dominant taxon, polychaetes.- 7 Ecological consequences of the tsunamis caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake and subsequent disturbance events in a shallow brackish lagoon in Sendai Bay, Japan.- 8 Impacts of the tsunami disaster caused by the 3.11 Great East Japan Earthquake on the benthic communitiesand their recovery in tidal flats of Matsukawaura Lagoon, Soma, Japan.- 9 Colonization of the restored and newly created tidal flats by benthic animals in the Sanriku region of northern Japan.- 10 Effects of the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake on intertidal macrobenthos in Iwate Prefecture.- 11 Ecological responses of macrobenthic communities in tidal flats to disturbances by the Great East Japan Earthquake .- 12 The effects of liquefaction, tsunami and land subsidence on intertidal mollusks following the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake.- 13 Ecological impacts and recovery of molluscan populations after the tsunami struck around Matsushima Bay and Sendai Bay, Miyagi Prefecture, northeastern Japan.- 14 Genetic structures of Euspira fortunei metapopulations along the northeast coast of Japan after the tsunamis caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake.- 15 Impacts of fuel spills caused by the 2011 Japanese tsunami on the subtidal soft-bottom communities of a semi-enclosed bay locatedon the Sanriku coast.- Part II Terrestrial Ecosystems.- 16 Impact of the 2011 earthquake and tsunami on coastal vegetation and landscapes in Northeast Japan: Findings based on remotely sensed data analysis.- 17 Susceptibility of sandy-beach flora to the 2011 Tohoku-oki tsunami in northern Tohoku, Japan.- 18 The species composition of buried seeds of seashore vegetation disturbed by the 2011 Tohoku-oki tsunami in northern Tohoku, Japan.- 19 Plant diversity and considerations for conservation of it in infrastructure reconstruction planning after the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami of 2011.- 20 Regeneration of damaged coastal forests caused by the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake Tsunami.- 21 Flora of freshwater wetlands in the tsunami-affected zone of the Tohoku region.- 22 Influences of large, infrequent disturbance caused by tsunami on coastal forest communities.- 23 Survey of Impact of the Great East Japan Earthquake on the Natural Environment in Tohoku Coastal Regions.
O autorze
Jotaro Urabe: Professor, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aquatic Ecology
Tohru Nakashizuka: Professor, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Forest Ecology
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