Luciano Marcondes Machado Nardozza & Edward Araujo Júnior 
Fetal Growth Restriction [PDF ebook] 
Current Evidence and Clinical Practice

Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a condition that affects 5%–10% of all pregnancies and is the second most common cause of perinatal mortality. Fetuses with FGR present with a greater risk of long-term health defects as impaired neurological and cognitive development and cardiovascular or endocrine diseases in adulthood. Due to its high prevalence and serious long term consequences, an in-depth understating of the diagnosis and management of FGR is essential for all those professionals involved in prenatal care, since it can prevent unwanted outcomes both to the mother and to the newborn. 




On the last years, the knowledge about fetal growth restriction has evolved considerably, with an increasing number of articles being published on this topic and new concepts being described, including new diagnostic guidelines. Even so, there are no recent books fully dedicated to FGR;  this theme has only generally been discussed in chapters in larger obstetrics and ne

onatology books. 





This current book intends to present and discuss the state of the art on FGR in a clear and didactical way.  It will focus on the main topics related to FGR, including its etiology, classification, prediction, diagnosis, and management, as well as on its neurological complications and maternal cardiovascular involvement. Written by experienced and renowned gynecologists from Brazil, Italy and the US, this book will be a comprehensive guide, directed to all gynecologists, radiologists and general practitioners who are involved in prenatal care, as well as to interns, residents, professors and researchers in the field. 

Spis treści

Normal fetal growth standards.- Concept of FGR (differences between fetal growth restriction and small gestational age).- Etiopathogenesis.- Physiopathology.- Classification (clinical and chronological).- Prediction.- Biochemical assessment of placental function.- Clinical diagnosis





Ultrasonography diagnosis.- Doppler diagnosis.- Clinical treatment.- Obstetric management.- Postnatal prognosis.- Neurologic complications Maternal cardiovascular involvement.

O autorze

Luciano Marcondes Machado Nardozza: MD from the Paulista School of Medicine – Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil (EPM-UNIFESP – 1985). Master’s degree (1989) and Ph D (2004) in Obstetrics from EPM-UNIFESP. Associate Professor at the Department of Obstetrics, EPM-UNIFESP.





Edward Araujo Junior: MD from the Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), Brazil (2000). Medical residency in Obstetrics and Gynecology at the Clinics Hospital, Ribeirão Preto Medical School – São Paulo University (USP), Brazil (2001-2003). Master’s degree (2006), Ph D in Obstetrics (2007), Specialization in Maternal-Fetal Medicine (2008) and Postdoctoral Fellow (2008) from the Department of Obstetrics, Paulista School of Medicine – Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil (EPM-UNIFESP). Postdoctoral fellow in Fetal Therapy, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium (2011). Postdoctoral fellow in Fetal Therapy, Department of Obstetrics, Universiteit Leiden, Netherlands (2015). Associate Professor at the Department of Obstetrics, EPM-UNIFESP.






Giuseppe Rizzo: MD (summa cum laude – 1983) and specialization degree in Obstetrics and Gynecology (summa cum laude – 1987) from the Università Cattolica S. Cuore Rome, Italy. From 1986 to 1993, he was staff member at the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Università Cattolica S. Cuore Roma. From 1993 he moved to Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Università of Roma Tor Vergata, where he is currently an  Associate Professor. He is mainly interested in prenatal diagnosis and in particular in the ultrasound applications in this field. He was awarded 3 times for the best oral communication by the American Society of Maternal Fetal Medicine. From 1998 to 2004 he was vice president of the Italian Society of ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. He is an honorary member of the Spanish and Chilean Societies of Ultrasoundin Obstetrics and Gynecology.
He is president of the Italian Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology (SIEOG) and author of 201 articles in peer reviewed Journal (Pubmed cited), of  12 monographic books and of 52 chapters.




Russel Lee Deter: MD and Master’s degree (Anatomy) in from Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (USA, 1963). Postdoctoral Fellowship (Dr. Christian de Duve) at Rockefeller University, New York (USA) and Universite de Louvain, (Belgium), 1964-1967. Assistant Professor of Cell Biology, Dept. of Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, 1967-1975. Assistant, Associate and Full Professor, Dept. of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, 1975-present. Editor-in-Chief, Journal of Clinical Ultrasound, 1982-1996. Developer of Individualized Growth Assessment, a method of growth evaluation in which each fetus is its own control. Published 159 peer-reviewed articles, 13 book chapters and 1 book.