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الحسن بن الحسين البصري المشهور بابن الهيثم
مقالة في فلسفة الضوء [EPUB ebook]
وماهيته وكيفية انتشاره ونواميسه

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Capa do الحسن بن الحسين البصري المشهور بابن الهيثم: مقالة في فلسفة الضوء (ePUB)

الحسن بن الهيثم هو أول مَن بَيَّنَ خطأ نظرية إقليدس وغيره في أن شعاع الضوء ينبعث من العين ويقع على المبصَر، وقرر عكس هذه النظرية، في أن شعاع الضوء يخرج من الشيء المبصر ويقع على العين، واستدل بالتجربة والمشاهدة على أن امتداد شعاع الضوء يكون على خط مستقيم.
وعرف ابن الهيثم الأجسام الشفافة، وهي التي ينفذ منها الضوء ويدرك البصر ما وراءها كالهواء والماء، وبيّن أن الضوء إذا نفذ من وسط شفاف إلى آخر شفاف انعطف عن استقامته.
وبحث في انكسار الأشعة الضوئية عند نفاذها في الهواء المحيط بالكرة الأرضية، وبين أن كثافة الهواء في الطبقات السفلى أكبر منها في الطبقات العليا، وأن الهواء لا يمتد من غير نهاية، وإنما ينتهي عند ارتفاع معين، فإذا مر شعاع من الضوء خلال هذه الطبقات الهوائية المختلفة الكثافة فإنه ينكسر رويدًا رويدًا وينحني تدريجيًا نحو سطح الأرض.

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Língua Árabe ● Formato EPUB ● Páginas 63 ● ISBN 9789955453970 ● Tamanho do arquivo 0.7 MB ● Idade 99-17 anos ● Editora وكالة الصحافة العربية ● Cidade London ● País GB ● Publicado 2024 ● Carregável 24 meses ● Moeda EUR ● ID 10067158 ● Proteção contra cópia DRM social

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