Raghu Garud & Arun Kumaraswamy 
Managing in the Modular Age [PDF ebook] 
Architectures, Networks, and Organizations

Acknowledgments.
Introduction: Managing in The Modular Age: Architectures,
Networks and Organizations. (R. Garud, A. Kumaraswamy, R.
Langlois).
Part I: Overview.
1. The Architecture of Complexity. (H. A. Simon).
Commentary. (M. Augier and H. A. Simon).
2. Technological and Organizational Designs to Achieve Economies
of Substitution. (R. Garud and A. Kumaraswamy).
Commentary.
3. Networks And Innovation In A Modular System: Lessons From The
Microcomputer And Stereo Component Industries. (R. N. Langlois and
P. L. Robertson).
Commentary.
Part II: Modularity And Architectures.
4. The Role of Product Architecture in the Manufacturing Firm.
(K. Ulrich).
Commentary.
5. Managing in an Age of Modularity. (C. Y. Baldwin and K. B.
Clark).
Commentary.
6. Towards a General Modular Systems Theory and Its Application
to Interfirm Product Modularity. (M. A. Schilling).
Commentary.
Part III: Networks And Standards.
7. The Economics of Networks. (N. Economides).
Commentary.
8. The Art of Standards Wars. (C. Shapiro and H. R. Varian).
Commentary.
Part IV: Field-Level And Organizational Dynamics.
9. Dynamics of Organizational Communities and Technological
Bandwagons: An Empirical Investigation of Community Evolution in
the Microprocessor Market. (J. Wade).
Commentary.
10. Dominant Designs, Technological Cycles and Organizational
Outcomes. (M. L. Tushman and J. P. Murmann).
Commentary. (G. Westerman and M. L. Tushman).
11. Modularity, Flexibility and Knowledge Management in Product
and Organizational Design. (R. Sanchez and J. T. Mahoney).
Commentary. (R. Sanchez).
Index.

Raghu Garud is Associate Professor of Management and
Organizational Behavior at Leonard N. Stern School of Business, New
York University. Besides authoring many articles on modularity that
have been published in leading management journals, Raghu has
co-edited and co-authored several books, including Path
Dependence and Creation (2001), The Innovation Journey
(1999), and Technological Innovation: Oversights and
Foresights (1997). He was Program Chair for the Technology and
Innovation Management Division for the 2001 Academy of Management
meetings.
Arun Kumaraswamy is Assistant Professor of Management at
the School of Business – Camden, Rutgers University. He has
published several papers on modularity and standards in journals
such as the Academy of Management Journal and the
Strategic Management Journal.
Richard N. Langlois is Professor of Economics at the
University of Connecticut. He is the author of numerous articles
and books, including Firms, Markets, and Economic Change: A
Dynamic Theory of Business Institutions (1995). His history of
the microcomputer industry won the Newcomen Award as the best
article in Business History Review in 1992.