Low-voltage equipment is designed for handling low voltages at consumer-level. This includes computing and telecommunications systems, power distribution grids and PV systems, and EV charging facilities.Exposure to sudden high voltage surges, for example, from switching or lightning, can damage or destroy low-voltage equipment. Protection of low-voltage equipment and systems from such phenomena is thus vital for human safety as well as preventing damages, and so understanding the processes and protective countermeasures is of great importance.This book offers a systematic and thorough treatise of the topic for researchers in industry and universities as well as utility experts and advanced students and more generally for all people involved in electromagnetic compatibility or designing surge protection systems and lightning protection systems. The book aims to provide answers to all readers’ questions from the simplest to the most complicated, including guidance on the application of surge protective devices (SPD) illustrated by many cases studies.Following an introduction, chapters cover lightning and surges, risk assessment, standard environment, surge protection (surge protective components and surge protective devices), and their applications, new trends and unsolved challenges.