Forged in 1975, the relationship between Brazil and Mozambique has sparked debate in the international relations arena, especially with the Pro Savana project that showed massive corruption in both countries. Brazil and Mozambique: Forging New Partnerships or Developing Dependency? analyses and investigates this historical relationship between the two countries.The book further examines the degree to which these relations complement or diverge from Brazil’s interactions with other African countries. It discusses the social, economic and cultural impacts of activities done by the two countries. It argues that, although influenced by the context and conjuncture of each country, these interactions have followed the same logic and trends. The Brazilian involvement in Mozambican agriculture and how this fits into the context of Brazilian South–South cooperation is also discussed.Two-way trade is surging and at the same time the range of reactions to Brazil’s economic involvement across Africa has varied from enthusiastic embrace by elites to caution from businesses, trade unions and civil society, and even hostility from some local communities. It ends with a look at the future of the relationship, especially in the light of the dramatic political changes within Brazil and the equally disruptive economic challenges it faces, alongside the problems experienced recently in Mozambique.