J. Cherie Strachan & Lori M. Poloni-Staudinger 
Why Don′t Women Rule the World? [EPUB ebook] 
Understanding Women′s Civic and Political Choices

Preface
Acknowledgements
About the Authors
CHAPTER 1 • Why Don’t Women Rule the World?
The Creation of Patriarchy
Reification and the Social Construction of Reality
Conclusion
Plan of the Book
Review Questions
Ambition Activities
Key Words
References
CHAPTER 2 • History of Women in Politics
Colonial History
The First Wave
The Second Wave
The Third Wave
Conclusion
Review Questions
Ambition Activities
Key Words
References
CHAPTER 3 • Public Opinion
How Individuals Form Opinions About Gender Issues
How Sex Influences Public Opinion
Partisan Preferences and Voting Behavior
Conclusion
Review Questions
Ambition Activities
Key Words
References
CHAPTER 4 • Political Ambition
Promoting Women’s Access and Ambition
Gender Socialization and Political Ambition
Traditional Family Role Orientations
The Masculinized Ethos of Politics
Women’s Gendered Psyche
Conclusion
Review Questions
Ambition Activities
Key Words
References
CHAPTER 5 • When Women Run
When and Where Women Candidates Emerge
Campaign Finance
Women as Candidates in 2018
Dismantling the Masculine Ethos of Politics in 2018 and Beyond
Conclusion
Review Questions
Ambition Activities
Key Words
References
CHAPTER 6 • Women in Legislatures
Women’s Representation in Legislatures Around the World
Theories of Representation
The Effect of Women’s Representation in Legislative Bodies
The Behavior of Individual Women Legislators
Women as Institutional Leaders
Effects Outside the Institution
How to Increase the Number of Women in Legislative Office
Conclusion
Review Questions
Ambition Activities
Key Words
References
CHAPTER 7 • Women in the Executive
Patriarchy, Military Masculinity, and Executive Stereotypes
Gender Stereotypes in Leadership and the Presidency: Public Support and Media
Descriptive Representation in Parts of the Executive
Women in Cabinets: The United States and in Comparative Perspective
Women’s Policy Agencies
Women in State and Local Institutions
Substantive and Symbolic Representation in Executive Institutions
Conclusion
Review Questions
Ambition Activities
Key Words
References
CHAPTER 8 • Women in the Judiciary
Women as Lawyers and in Law School
Women as Public Legal Officials
The Impact of Women in the Judicial Branch
The Effect of the Courts on Women’s Lives
Increasing the Representation of Women in the Judicial Branch
Conclusion
Review Questions
Ambition Activities
Key Words
References
CHAPTER 9 • Women in Social Movements
Interest Groups, Social Movements, and Social Movement Organizations
Challenges for Women’s and Feminist Movements
Conclusion: Intersectional Resistance in the Post-Trump Era
Review Questions
Ambition Activities
Key Words
References
CHAPTER 10 • Conclusion
The First Step: Admit That Patriarchy Exists
The Second Step: Listen to Women’s Complaints and Take Their Anger Seriously
The Third Step: Understand the Roots of Women’s Anger
The Fourth Step: Monitor Progress and Backlash to Establish Priorities
The Fifth Step: Decide What to Do and Act
Review Questions
Ambition Activity
Key Words
References
Appendices
Appendix 1: Conducting Interviews
Appendix 2: Comparison
Index

Candice D. Ortbals  (Ph D, Indiana University, 2004) is Professor of Political Science at Pepperdine University. Her publications relate to state feminism in Spain and gender and terrorism. She has been the newsletter editor, president-elect, and president of the Women’s Caucus of the Midwest Political Science Association. She also served as President for the National Women’s Caucus of Political Science. She has taught at the University of Seville, and she was winner of the Carrie Chapman Catt Prize for Research on Women and Politics. She has also received numerous grants from the government of Spain to study women in regional and local government.