This book presents and discusses research in the field of earth science, with a focus on the role of hydrology in salt marsh ecology; modeling tool applications in freshwater ecosystems and resource management; the flood cycle model; mechanisms of global change in the biosphere; the impact of tropical forest canopies in the planning of rural settlements and sustainable environments; long-term consistency of main taxonomic groups of Lake Kinneret phytoplankton; modeling landslide susceptibility analysis; and the Earth’s gravitational dipole.