In this next edition of "Advances in Medicine and Biology, " chapters include research on differential diagnosis, along with potential treatments for insomnia in children and adults; the effectiveness of biobehavioral interventions to relieve joint and muscle dysfunction that occurs in Temporomandibular Joint and Muscle Disorders (TMJMD), when they are implemented in community-based clinics; the pharmacological and therapeutic potential of scorpion venom and their toxins; the relief of chemical-induced acute colitis through the use of non-anticoagulant oligosaccharides of enoxaparin; the expression and function of macrophage CXCR7’s link to atherosclerosis; the participation of microtubules in intracellular cholesterol transport through cytosolic lipid-protein particles in rat astrocytes; and teeth and amelogenin in xenopus.