A Book that Transformed America Civil Disobedience was Thoreau’s first published book and continues to transform American discourse. It is unusual for its symbolism and structure, its criticism of Christian institutions, and its many-layered storytelling. The ideas presented in this essay have influenced some of the most powerful and influential people in history, including Martin Luther King Jnr, Leo Tolstoy, President John F. Kennedy and Ernest Hemingway. It was a seminal piece of work in the shaping of Gandhi’s three decade-long non-violent revolution against British-occupied India.