Cognitive neuroscience is the interdisciplinary study of how cognitive and intellectual functions are processed and represented within the brain, which is critical to building understanding of core psychological and behavioural processes such as learning, memory, behaviour, perception, and consciousness. Understanding these processes not only offers relevant fundamental insights into brain-behavioural relations, but may also lead to actionable knowledge that can be applied in the clinical treatment of patients with various brain-related disabilities.
This Handbook examines complex cognitive systems through the lens of neuroscience, as well as providing an overview of development and applications within cognitive and systems neuroscience research and beyond.
Containing 35 original, state of the art contributions from leading experts in the field, this Handbook is essential reading for researchers and students of cognitive psychology, as well as scholars across the fields of neuroscientific, behavioural and health sciences.
Part 1: Attention, Learning and Memory
Part 2: Language and Communication
Part 3: Emotion and Motivation
Part 4: Social Cognition
Part 5: Cognitive Control and Decision Making
Part 6: Intelligence
Innehållsförteckning
Chapter 1: Cognitive neuroscience: Cognitive systems, development and applications – Gregory J. Boyle, Georg Northoff, Nadia Bolognini, Aron K. Barbey, Marjan Jahanshahi, Álvaro Pascual-Leone, and Barbara J. Sahakian
PART I ATTENTION, LEARNING AND MEMORY
Chapter 2: Auditory, visual and audiovisual attention – Kimmo Alho, Viljami Salmela, Patrik Wikman, and Juha Salmi
Chapter 3: Awareness of the External Environment: Measures, Biases, Gaps, and Disadvantages – Simon Grondin, Timothy L. Hubbard
Chapter 4: Episodic memory – Lars Nyberg
Chapter 5: Semantic memory – David L. Kemmerer
Chapter 6: Working Memory: A Neurocognitive Perspective – Alexandru D. Iordan, Kathy Xie, Patricia A. Reuter-Lorenz
Chapter 7: False Memories: What Neuroimaging Tells Us About How We Mis-remember the Past – Nancy A. Dennis, Jordan D. Chamberlain, and Catherine M. Carpenter
PART II LANGUAGE AND COMMUNICATION
Chapter 8: Neural mechanisms of syntactic processing – Cynthia K. Thompson, Elena Barbieri
Chapter 9: Organisation and structure of the lexical system – Sladjana Lukic, Valentina Borghesani
Chapter 10: Cognitive Neuroscience of Reading and Spelling – Joanne S. H. Taylor, Steven Z. Rapcsak
Chapter 11: Neurocognitive Bases Underlying Numerical Cognition – Ann D. Dowker
Chapter 12: Language processing across the lifespan – Marco Calabria
PART III EMOTION AND MOTIVATION
Chapter 13: Effort-Based Decision Making – Sara Garofalo, Gianluca Finotti, Francesca Starita, Amy E. Bouchard, Shirley Fecteau
Chapter 14: Incentive influences on cognitive control and decision making – Amy E. Bouchard, Sara Garofalo, Shirley Fecteau
Chapter 15: Representation of value in the brain – Thorsten Kahnt
Chapter 16: Cognitive neuroscience of stress – Alejandra Cardenas-Rojas, Anna Marduy, João Parente, Karen Vasquez-Avila, Pablo Costa-Cortez, Felipe Fregni
Chapter 17: Nonpharmacological modulation of affective-emotional-cognitive systems – Paola Gonzalez-Mego, Ingrid Rebello-Sanchez, Paulo S. de Melo, Meghan Whalen, Kevin Pacheco-Barrios, Felipe Fregni
PART IV SOCIAL COGNITION
Chapter 18: Cognitive Neuroscience of Self-Awareness – Georg Northoff
Chapter 19: Recognition of Facial cues – Milena Petrova Dzhelyova, Bruno Rossion
Chapter 20: Empathy: A cognitive neuroscience approach – Helena Schmitt, Cornelia Sindermann, Andrew Cooper, Christian Montag
Chapter 21: Cognitive Neuroscience of Adult Social Interactions – Chad E. Forbes, Jordan H. Grafman
Chapter 22: Neuroscience of Moral Cognition – Richard J. R. Blair
Chapter 23: Social and Emotional Cognition: Role of Amygdala – Tetsuya Iidaka
PART V COGNITIVE CONTROL AND DECISION MAKING
Chapter 24: Consciousness: Neuroscientific Mechanisms, Theories, and Measures – Georg Northoff
Chapter 25: Cognitive Neuroscience of Volition and “Free Will” – Silvia Seghezzi, Patrick Haggard
Chapter 26: Embodied, embedded, enacted cognition – Anna M. Borghi, Chiara Fini, Claudia Mazzuca
Chapter 27: Cognitive Neuroscience of Metacognition – Maja Friedemann, Dan Bang, Nicholas Yeung
Chapter 28: Curiosity, Epistemic Uncertainty, Creativity and Aesthetics – Stacey Humphries, Yoed N. Kenett, Anjan Chatterjee
Chapter 29: Neurocomputational models of task representation – Michael Freund, Todd S. Braver
PART VI INTELLIGENCE
Chapter 30: Cognitive Neuroscience Theories of Intelligence – Evan d. Anderson, Aron K. Barbey
Chapter 31: Intelligence, cognition, and large-scale data repositories – Tim B. Bigdeli, Philip D. Harvey
Chapter 32: Structural and Diffusion-Weighted Imaging of Intelligence – Erhan Genç Christoph Fraenz, Shirley Fecteau, Sherif Karama
Chapter 33: Functional brain correlates of intelligence – Olga E. Svarnik
Chapter 34: Brain and cognitive development: Logicomathematical intelligence – Olivier Houdé
Chapter 35: Neurobiological Foundations of Cognitive fitness in high-performance applications – Gerard J. Fogarty, John Crampton, Jeffrey Bond, Leonard D. Zaichkowsky, Paul Taylor, Eugene Aidman
Om författaren
Barbara J Sahakian is Professor of Clinical Neuropsychology at the University of Cambridge Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute. She is also an Honorary Clinical Psychologist at Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge. She holds a Ph D and a DSc from the University of Cambridge. She is a Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences and was President of the International Neuroethics Society (2014-2016) and the British Association for Psychopharmacology (2012-2014). In 2016, she was recipient of the Robert Sommer Award and the International College of Neuropsychopharmacology (CINP) Ethics Prize. Sahakian is also a Member of the International Expert Jury for the 2017 Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Prize dedicated to the biological basis of psychiatric disorders. She is co-author of ‘Bad Moves: How decision making goes wrong and the ethics of smart drugs’ (Oxford University Press, 2013) and of ‘Sex, Lies and Brain Scans. How f MRI reveals what really goes on in our minds’ (OUP, 2017). She is co-editor of The Oxford Handbook of Neuroethics (OUP, 2011) and Translational Neuropsychopharmacology (Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences) (Springer International Publishing, 2016).Sahakian has an international reputation in the fields of psychopharmacology, neuropsychology, neuropsychiatry, neuroimaging and neuroethics. She is perhaps best known for her work on ‘hot’ and ‘cold’ cognitive deficits in depression and early detection and early treatment with cholinesterase inhibitors in Alzheimer’s disease. She has over 400 publications in high impact scientific journals. Sahakian co-invented the neuropsychological CANTAB tests. Sahakian has contributed to Neuroscience and Mental Health Government Policy and has spoken on resilience, brain health, neuroscience and mental health at the World Economic Forum, Davos, 2014. She is a member of the World Economic Forum Global Agenda Council on Brain Research.
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