Georgii Valentinovich Plekhanov (1856-1918) stands as a foundational figure in the history of Russian Marxism. A philosopher, theorist, and revolutionary, Plekhanov”s contributions to Marxist thought have significantly shaped the contours of Marxist philosophy, particularly within the context of the Russian revolutionary movement. Plekhanov”s extensive study of historical materialism and his rigorous critique of other social theories, like anarchism, have cemented him as a major intellectual force. Notably, in his work ”Anarchism and Socialism”, Plekhanov delineates the fundamental differences between Marxism and anarchism, advocating for a structured, proletarian-led revolution as opposed to the more spontaneous approach favored by anarchist thinkers. Plekhanov”s intellectual rigor and dedication to the revolutionary cause have been widely recognized by scholars of Marxism and Russian history. Despite being overshadowed by later figures such as Lenin, Plekhanov”s works remain a crucial reference for understanding the development of socialist theory and the ideological debates that have shaped it. His literary style combines an astute analytical acumen with a persuasive narrative, aimed at not only critiquing competing theories but also at providing a coherent Marxist alternative. Plekhanov”s work remains significant in the study of political ideologies, philosophy, and Russian history.