In this book, the authors present topical research in the study of the synthesis, functions and clinical implications of inositol. Topics discussed include hypoxia and angiogenesis related myo-inositol phosphates; inositol derivatives in mycobacterium tuberculosis; inositols and epilepsy; the contribution of inositol trisphosphate signaling to cardiac pathologies; the role of inositol 1, 4, 5-triphosphate receptor in hepatorenal syndrome; the pathophysiologic significance of inositol phosphates (IP) in Alzheimer’s and bipolar disorder; design and synthesis of biotinylated inositol phosphates; the health benefits of inositol and inositol hexaphosphate; and the cellular functions of inositol.