Rooted in real world observations, this book questions the concept of tradition – whether contemporary globalization will prove its demise or whether there is a process of simultaneous ending and renewing. In his introduction, Nezar Alsayyad discusses the meaning of the word ’tradition’ and the current debates about the ’end of tradition’. Thereafter the book is divided into three parts. The three chapters in part I explore the inextricable link between ’tradition’ and ’modern’, revealing the geopolitical implications of this link. Part II looks at tradition as a process of invention and here the three chapters are all concerned with the making of landscapes and landscape myths, showing how the spectacle of history can be aestheticized and naturalized. Finally, Part III shows how traditionis a regime, programmed and policed and how it has been deployed, resisted, and reworked through hegemonic struggles that seek to create both built environments and citizen-subjects.