In this book, the authors present topical research in the study of the causes, economic implications and future challenges of eutrophication. Topics discussed include the performance of mechanical aeration systems in the control of eutrophication in stagnant waters; using cyanobacteria as a biosorbent for heavy metals in waste waters; a state-of-the-art review on eutrophication research in the context of climate warming; assessing Daphnia population dynamics and recovery patterns after exposure to multiple environmental stressors in a eutrophic lake; the environmental and health consequences of blue-green algae blooms; eutrophication and recovery of the large and deep subalpine Lake maggiore in Italy; causes and potential management strategies of current and future eutrophication of nearshore marine environments; promoting mechanisms of the rare earth industry on water eutrophication; the life-cycle eutrophic impact of future energy systems; and the study of particle size of the natural coagulant tanfloc SG to obtain drinking water by coagulation/flocculation.