Social scientists and philosophers confronted with religious phenomena have always been challenged to find a proper way to describe the spiritual experiences of the social group they were studying. The influence of the Cartesian dualism of body and mind (or soul) led to a distinction between non-material, spiritual experiences (i.e., related to the soul) and physical, mechanical experiences (i.e., related to the body). However, recent developments in medical science on the one hand and challenges to universalist conceptions of belief and spirituality on the other have resulted in “body” and “soul” losing the reassuring solid contours they had in the past. Yet, in “Western culture, ” the body–soul duality is alive, not least in academic and media discourses. This volume pursues the ongoing debates and discusses the importance of the body and how it is perceived in contemporary religious faith: what happens when “body” and “soul” are un-separated entities? Is it possible, even for anthropologists and ethnographers, to escape from “natural dualism”? The contributors here present research in novel empirical contexts, the benefits and limits of the old dichotomy are discussed, and new theoretical strategies proposed.
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List of illustrations
Acknowledgements
Introduction
Anna Fedele and Ruy Llera Blanes
PART I: BODIES AND SOULS IN CATHOLIC SETTINGS
Chapter 1. “I want to feel the Camino in my legs”: trajectories of walking on the Camino de Santiago
Keith Egan
Chapter 2. Holding the saint in one’s arms. Miracles and exchange in Apiao, southern Chile
Giovanna Bacchiddu
Chapter 3. Embodying devotion, embodying passion. The Italian tradition of ‘La Festa dei Gigli’ in Nola
Katia Ballacchino
PART II: CORPOREALITY, BELIEF AND HUMAN MOBILITY
Chapter 4. The Body and the World: Missionary Performances and the Experience of the World in the Protestant Church in the Netherlands
João Rickli
Chapter 5. “How to deal with the Dutch”: the local and the global in the habitus of the saved soul
Kim Knibbe
Chapter 6. Is witchcraft embodied? Representations of the body in talimbi witchcraft
Aleksandra Cimpric
PART III: NEW SPIRITUALITIES CHALLENGING THE BODY/SOUL DIVIDE
Chapter 7. When Soma Encounters the Spiritual: Bodily Praxes of Performed Religiosity in Contemporary Greece
Eugenia Roussou
Chapter 8. Re-enchanted Bodies: The Significance of the Spiritual Dimension in Danish Healing Rituals
Ann Ostenfeld-Rosenthal
Chapter 9. The struggle for sovereignty: the interpretation of bodily experiences in anthropology and among mediumistic healers in Germany
Ehler Voss
Chapter 10. Transforming musical soul into bodily practice: Tone eurythmy, anthroposophy and underlying structures
Andrew Spiegel and Silke Sponheuer
Notes on Contributors
Subject Index
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Ruy Llera Blanes is a postdoctoral researcher at the Institute of Social Sciences of the University of Lisbon and Visiting Fellow at the London School of Economics and Political Sciences in the Department of Anthropology. He has specialized in the anthropology of religion, having worked on Pentecostal movements in southern Europe. Currently, he is working with African prophetic movements, discussing issues of leadership, charisma, memory, transmission, knowledge and rationalism.
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