This book develops an empirically informed normative theory of need-based justice, summarizing core findings of the DFG research group FOR2104 “Need-based Justice and Distributive Procedures”.
In eleven chapters scholars from the fields of economics, political science, philosophy, psychology, and sociology cover the identification and rationale of needs, the recognition and legitimacy of needs, the dynamics and stability of procedures of distributions according to needs, and the consequences and sustainability of need-based distributions. These four areas are studied from the perspective of two mechanisms of need objectification, the social objectification by the discursive generation of mutual understanding (transparency) and the factual objectification by the transfer of decisions to uninvolved experts (expertise).
The volume addresses academics in the fields of justice research, ethics, political theory, social choice and welfare, framing, individual and group decision making, inequality and redistribution, as well as advanced students in the contributing disciplines.
สารบัญ
Chapter 1. Why Prioritize Needs?.- Part I: Identification of Needs.- Chapter 2. Need as One Distribution Principle: Frames and Framing.- Chapter 3. Measuring Need-Based Justice—Empirically and Formally.- Part II: Structures and Processes of the Recognition of Needs.- Chapter 4. The Social Recognition of Needs.- Chapter 5. The Political Recognition of Needs.- Chapter 6. Deliberation and Need-Based Distribution.- Part III: Welfare Consequences of Prioritizing Need-based Distributions.- Chapter 7. Need-based Justice and Social Utility: A Preference Approach.- Chapter 8. How Sustainable is Need-Based Redistribution?.- Part IV Differentiation.- Chapter 9. Need and Street-Level Bureaucracy. How Street-Level Bureaucrats Understand and Prioritize Need.- Chapter 10. Justice Principles, Prioritization in the Health Care Sector, and the Effect of Framing.- Chapter 11. Conclusion: Elements of a Theory of Need-Based Justice.
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Bernhard Kittel is a professor of economic sociology at the University of Vienna, Austria. His research focuses on distributive justice attitudes and behaviour, and group decision making. He is co-editor, with Stefan Traub, of “Need-based Distributive Justice. An Interdisciplinary Perspective” (Springer 2020). Further research areas cover aspects of labour markets and welfare states, in particular labour market participation of young people, refugees, and marginalized groups. He has been a principal investigator of the interdisciplinary research group “Need-based justice and distribution procedures”. Recent papers have been published, i.a., in PLo S One, Experimental Economics, Social Science Research, Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics, and The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science.
Stefan Traub is a professor of behavioral economics at Helmut-Schmidt University Hamburg, Germany. His research focuses on individual and group decision-making, social preferences, and the provision of public goods. He is co-editor, with Bernhard Kittel, of “Need-based Distributive Justice. An Interdisciplinary Perspective” (Springer 2020). He has been the spokesperson of the interdisciplinary research group “Need-based justice and distribution procedures” funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG). Recent papers have been published in the Journal of Public Economics, Games and Economic Behavior, European Economic Review, and Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization.
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