This book describes the theoretical principals including potential modes of failures and equipment performance limitations and provides practical advice for making quality assurance (QA) measurements for clinical X-ray tubes and generators. The guidance given for making QA measurements seeks to be practical, using equipment commonly found in medical physics departments, and where possible alternative techniques are discussed along with their relevant limitations. Topics covered include general introduction, requirements for measuring instruments, evaluation of safety features, measurements of beam quality, tube output and consistency, focal spot size, specification for performances, and related ancillaries.
Key Features:
- The IPEM report 32 series is key UK guidance on the performance of quality assurance procedures across a range of diagnostic and interventional x-ray generating and imaging equipment and often referenced internationally.
- An update on guidance for medical physics departments for quality assurance measurements for X-ray tubes and generators, considering the advances in technology of X-ray generating equipment.
- Evidence based where possible, and particularly with reference to the evidence Based QA working party outputs and relevant UK standards.
- Updated to account for modern measuring devices and techniques (not widely commercially available at the time of publication of the outgoing version but now in widespread common use).
- Expanded to cover QA of X-ray tube and generator and associated ancillaries not previously covered in Report 32 part I (or the other report 32 series). Areas of expansion include dental X-ray generating equipment, tomography, and key radiation safety features.
สารบัญ
Preface to the First Edition (1980)
Preface to Second Edition (1995)
Preface to the Third Edition (2022)
Acknowledgements
Author biographies
List of contributors
1. Introduction
2. X-ray Tubes and Generators
3. Requirements for Measuring Equipment
4. Equipment Inventory and Service Records
5. Safety Features
6. Collimation alignment and scales
7. Tube Output and Consistency
8. Exposure Time
9. Beam Quality
10. Focal spot
11. Dose area product assessment
12. Focal plane tomography
13. Anti-scatter grids
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Daniel Shaw has over 18 years’ experience working in medical physics departments around the UK and is an experienced radiation protection advisor and medical physics expert for diagnostic and interventional radiology physics. Dan is a member of the IPEM Evidence Based QA working party, former member of IPEM’s Diagnostic Special Interest Group (DRSig) and has contributed to several working parties providing national guidance for the safe clinical use of radiation.
Jason Fazakerley is an experienced radiation protection advisor and medical physics expert at Integrated Radiological Services (IRS) Ltd and an active member of the IPEM Evidence Based QA Working Party.
Debbie Saunders is an experienced medical physics expert in the field of diagnostic and interventional radiology. Debbie is a former chair of IPEM’s Diagnostic Special Interest Group (DRSig) and has contributed to several working parties providing national guidance for the safe clinical use of radiation.
Ian Honey is an experienced medical physics expert and radiation protection advisor. Ian is a former chair of IPEM’s Diagnostic Special Interest Group (DRSig) and chairs the IPEM Evidence Based QA working party and has contributed to several working parties providing national guidance for the safe clinical use of radiation.
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