In this book, the authors present current research from across the globe in the study of the development, prognosis and potential complications of preterm infants. Topics discussed in this compilation include the cognitive and behavioral problems in moderately preterm children at preschool age; the socio-emotional development and early intervention of preterm infants; later preterm birth and the developing brainstem; readiness of preterm infants to start breastfeeding; hormonal dysregulation of the HPT and HPA axes in preterm infants; effect of additional weight in proximal and distal adjustments of reaching behavior in preterm infants; language and literacy in preterm children; and cognitive, motor and communicative-linguistic developmental trajectories of extremely low gestational age preterms.