The chapters in this volume of "Advances in Medicine and Biology, " present the latest research in medical research. The book begins with a study on the effect artificial sweeteners have on inflammatory bowel diseases. The following chapter discusses the efficacy of thalidomide in the treatment of pulmonary disease. Chapter three focuses on human metabolic activation of thalidomide and analogs. Chapter four reviews the automatic control of brain temperature by surface cooling. Chapter five studies swimming anomalies in animals with cerebellar lesions. Chapter six demonstratea the effectiveness of a nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-k B) decoy oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) for preventing restenosis after the coronary stent implantation using experimental studies and clinical trials. Chapter seven evaluates the impact of anosognosia on the short-term functional rehabilitation goals achievement in the acute ischemic stroke patients. Chapter eight studies evidence about electro-acupuncture’s effectiveness, as well as its potential mechanism, on lower urinary tract (LUT) dysfunction. Chapter nine discusses periorbital necrotizing fasciitis. Chapter ten studies the etiopathogenesis of rotator cuff tears, while the final chapter provides rehabilitation approaches for rotator cuff injuries.