ผู้เขียน: Marianne Ulriksen

Einar Braathen is senior researcher in international studies at the Norwegian Institute for Urban and Regional Research (NIBR). A political scientist, he has specialized in governance and policy analysis in the global South, particularly the linkages between multi-level governance (central-local relations, municipality-community relations) and policy delivery (poverty reduction, service delivery, climate change adaptation). He worked as the coordinator of the CROP programme on The Role of the State in Poverty reduction, 1997-2000. For the last 10 years he has mainly worked on two BRICS countries, South Africa and Brazil, and he has lived in Rio de Janeiro for longer periods. He was the project leader of Cities against poverty: Brazilian experiences (2010-13) funded by the Research Council of Norway and the leader of the work package “Politics and policies to address urban inequality” in the EU/FP/ funded project Urban Chances – City Growth and the Sustainability Challenge (2010-2014). He is the editor of the website www.nibrinternational.no/Brazilian_Urban_Politics. Julian May is the Director of the Institute for Social Development and Chairperson of the Community Law Centre at the University of the Western Cape and the NRF funded South African Research Chair in Applied Poverty Assessment. He is a Research Associate at the Brooks World Poverty Institute, the International Food Policy Research Institute, the Department of Social Policy, Oxford University and the South African Labour and Development Research Unit at the University of Cape Town. Gemma C. Wright is a Senior Research Fellow at the Oxford Institute of Social Policy in the Department of Social Policy and Intervention at the University of Oxford and Deputy Director of the Centre for the Analysis of South African Social Policy. She is a Research Associate at the Institute of Social and Economic Research at Rhodes University (RSA) and Visiting Research Fellow at the Centre for International Education, University of Sussex. Her areas of interest include the definition and measurement of poverty, child poverty, small area level analysis of deprivation, and social security policy including tax and benefit microsimulation.