Interactions between species are of fundamental importance to all living systems and the framework we have for studying these interactions is community ecology. This is important to our understanding of the planets biological diversity and how species interactions relate to the functioning of ecosystems at all scales. Species do not live in isolation and the study of community ecology is of practical application in a wide range of conservation issues.
The study of ecological community data involves many methods of analysis. In this book you will learn many of the mainstays of community analysis including: diversity, similarity and cluster analysis, ordination and multivariate analyses. This book is for undergraduate and postgraduate students and researchers seeking a step-by-step methodology for analysing plant and animal communities using R and Excel.
Microsoft’s Excel spreadsheet is virtually ubiquitous and familiar to most computer users. It is a robust program that makes an excellent storage and manipulation system for many kinds of data, including community data. The R program is a powerful and flexible analytical system able to conduct a huge variety of analytical methods, which means that the user only has to learn one program to address many research questions. Its other advantage is that it is open source and therefore completely free. Novel analytical methods are being added constantly to the already comprehensive suite of tools available in R.
Mark Gardener is both an ecologist and an analyst. He has worked in a range of ecosystems around the world and has been involved in research across a spectrum of community types. His knowledge of R is largely self-taught and this gives him insight into the needs of students learning to use R for complicated analyses.
สารบัญ
1. Starting to look at communities
2. Software tools for community ecology
3. Recording your data
4. Beginning data exploration: using software tools
5. Exploring data: choosing your analytical method
6. Exploring data: getting insights
7. Diversity: species richness
8. Diversity: indices
9. Diversity: comparing
10. Diversity: sampling scale
11. Rank abundance or dominance models
12. Similarity and cluster analysis
13. Association analysis: identifying communities
14. Ordination
Appendices
Bibliography
Index
เกี่ยวกับผู้แต่ง
Mark Gardener began his career as an optician but returned to science and trained as an ecologist. His research is in the area of pollination ecology. He has worked extensively in the UK as well as Australia and the United States. Currently he works as an associate lecturer for the Open University and also runs courses in data analysis for ecology and environmental science.
หนังสืออิเล็กทรอนิกส์เพิ่มเติมจากผู้แต่งคนเดียวกัน / บรรณาธิการ
2,962 หนังสืออิเล็กทรอนิกส์ในหมวดหมู่นี้
