Many consider the nature of human consciousness to be one of the last great unsolved mysteries. Why should the light turn on, so to speak, in human beings at all? And how is the electrical storm of neurons under our skull connected with our consciousness? Is the self only our brain’s user interface, a kind of stage on which a show is performed that we cannot freely direct? In this book, philosopher Markus Gabriel challenges an increasing trend in the sciences towards neurocentrism, a notion which rests on the assumption that the self is identical to the brain. Gabriel raises serious doubts as to whether we can know ourselves in this way. In a sharp critique of this approach, he presents a new defense of the free will and provides a timely introduction to philosophical thought about the self – all with verve, humor, and surprising insights. Gabriel criticizes the scientific image of the world and takes us on an eclectic journey of self-reflection by way of such concepts as self, consciousness, and freedom, with the aid of Kant, Schopenhauer, and Nagel but also
Dr. Who,
The Walking Dead, and
Fargo.
สารบัญ
Introduction
Mind and Geist
Elementary Particles and Conscious Organisms
The Decade of the Brain
Can the Mind Be Free in a Brain Scan?
The Self as a USB-Stick
Neuromania and Darwinitis – The Example of Fargo
Mind – Brain – Ideology
The Cartography of Self-Interpretation
I. What is at Stake in the Philosophy of Mind?
Mind in the Universe?
In the Spirit of Hegel
The Historical Animal on the Social Stage
Why not Everything, but at least Something is Teleological
II. Consciousness
I See Something That You Do Not See!
Neuronal Thunderstorms and the Arena of Consciousness
Buddha, the Snake and the Bat – Again
Surfing On the Wave of Neuro-Kantianism
Nothing Is Beyond Our Experience – Or Is There?
Faith, Love, Hope – Are They All Just Illusions?
An Altruist is Lodged in Every Ego
Davidson’s Dog and Derrida’s Cat
Tasty Consciousness
The Intelligence of the Robot Vacuum Cleaner
Strange Days – The Noise of Consciousness
What Mary Still Doesn’t Know
The Discovery of the Universe in a Monastery
Sensations are Not Subtitles to a Chinese Movie
God’s-Eye View
III. Self-Consciousness
How History Can Expand Our Consciousness
Monads in the Mill
Bio is Not Always Better than Techno
How the Clown Attempted To Get Rid of Omnipotence
Self-Consciousness in a Circle
IV. Who or What Is This Thing We Call: The Self?
The Reality of Illusions
Puberty-Reductionism and the Toilet Theory
Self is God
Fichte: The Almost Forgotten Grandmaster of the Self
The Three Pillars of the Science of Knowledge
In the Human Being Nature Opens her Eyes and Sees that She Exists
‘Let Daddy Take Care of this’: Freud and Stromberg
Drives Meet Hard Facts
Oedipus and the Milk Carton
V. Freedom
Can I Will Not to Will What I Will?
The Self is Not a One-Armed Bandit
Why Cause and Reason are Not the Same Thing and What That Has to Do with Tomato Sauce
Friendly Smites Meanie and Defeats Metaphysical Pessimism
Human Dignity is Inviolable
On the Same Level as God or Nature?
PS: There Are No Savages
Man is Not a Face Drawn in Sand
Notes
Bibliography
Index of Concepts
Index of Names
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Markus Gabriel was born in 1980 and studied in Heidelberg, Lisbon and New York. Since 2009 he has held the chair for Epistemology at the University of Bonn; and with this appointment he became Germany’s youngest philosophy professor. He is also the director of the International Center for Philosophy in Bonn.
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