Who actually controls the Northwest Passage? Who owns the trillions of dollars of oil and gas beneath the Arctic Ocean? Which territorial claims will prevail, and why — those of the United States, Russia, Canada, or the Nordic nations? And, in an age of rapid climate change, how do we protect the fragile Arctic environment while seizing the economic opportunities presented by the rapidly melting sea-ice?
Michael Byers , a leading Arctic expert and international lawyer clearly and concisely explains the sometimes contradictory rules governing the division and protection of the Arctic and the disputes over the region that still need to be resolved. What emerges is a vision for the Arctic in which cooperation, not conflict, prevails and where the sovereignty of individual nations is exercised for the benefit of all. This insightful little book is an informed primer for today’s most pressing territorial issue.
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Acknowledgements
Introduction: Are the Russians Coming?
Chapter One: Why Sovereignty Matters
Chapter Two: Who Owns Hans Island?
Chapter Three: An Ice-Free Northwest Passage
Chapter Four: The Northwest Passage in Contemporary Policy
Chapter Five: Negotiating over the Northwest Passage
Chapter Six: Who Owns the Seabed?
Chapter Seven: Sovereignty and the Inuit
Conclusion: An Arctic for Everyone
Appendix I: A Northwest Passage Scenario
Appendix II: Model Negotiation on Northern Waters
Notes
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Michael Byers holds a Canada Research Chair in Global Politics and International Law. Prior to 2004, he was a Professor of Law and Director of Canadian Studies at Duke University; from 1996-1999, he was a Research Fellow at Jesus College, Oxford University. Dr. Byers’ work focuses on the interaction of international law and politics, particularly with respect to human rights, international organizations, the use of military force, the Arctic, and Canada-United States relations. He has published six books, dozens of academic papers and more than 100 op-ed articles.