Why do we not have a vaccine for HIV? What are we doing wrong? Every HIV vaccine has failed so far, and public opinion is turning pessimistic against the scientific community. HIV vaccine efforts need a major shift in strategy. They require a better understanding of the immunological mechanisms that prevent African primates from getting AIDS. None of the 40 species of African primates, including chimpanzees and gorillas, get AIDS, even though all of them carry HIV-like viruses in their bodies. Why are they "naturally vaccinated, " while all of the man-made vaccines against HIV have failed miserably? This book offers intriguing new possibilities for the nature of human immunity, and the development of an effective AIDS vaccine. It is also a provocative treatise on the origin, evolution, and etiology of several forms of immune systems that is supported by a wealth of peer-reviewed scientific references. The compelling ideas presented in this study should have an important bearing on HIV vaccine development. It is a must read for anyone interested in the development of a safe AIDS vaccine, and for individuals interested in human immunity generally.