Many regions within the United States experience moderate to exceptional drought forcing state officials to make difficult choices regarding energy and water. Competition for freshwater continues to increase due to industrial, municipal, and especially agricultural and energy sector demand. This book assesses advanced and emerging technologies that can reduce water use in hydraulic fracturing and thermoelectric power plant cooling. It also examines the impact of regional differences in thermoelectric power generation on water use in water-stressed versus unstressed areas of the United States. Furthermore, this book addresses how the U.S. energy sector uses and relies on water.