From 1864 to 1876, socialists, communists, trade unionists, and anarchists synthesized a growing body of anticapitalist thought through participation in the First Internationala body devoted to uniting left-wing radical tendencies of the time. Often remembered for the historic fights between Karl Marx and Michael Bakunin, the debates and experimentation during the International helped to refine and focus anarchist ideas into a doctrine of international working class self-liberation.
‘This book is a breath of fresh air in a stuffy room. At long last, anarchists enter the history of socialism by the main door!’
Davide Turcato, author of Making Sense of Anarchism: The Experiments with Revolution of Errico Malatesta, Italian Exile in London, 18891900
‘Brimming with thought and feeling, richly textured, and not shy of judgment, Graham’s book marshals a compelling argument and issues a provocative invitation to revisitor perhaps to explore anewthe story, the struggles, and the persisting ramifications of this pioneering International.’
Wayne Thorpe, author of The Workers Themselves: Revolutionary Syndicalism and International Labour, 19131923
‘With impressive and careful scholarship, Robert Graham guides us on a complex journey that reflects his command of the material and his ability to express it in a clear and straightforward way. If you were to think this is some dry history book, you couldn’t be more wrong.’
Barry Pateman, historian and archivist with the Kate Sharpley Library
Robert Graham has been writing about anarchism for thirty years. He recently edited the three-volume collection Anarchism: A Documentary History of Libertarian Ideas.
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Chapter 1: Anarchism Before the International
Chapter 2: The Founding of the International
Chapter 3: The Debates on Property
Chapter 4: Bakunin and the Alliance
Chapter 5: The 1869 Basle Congress
Chapter 6: The Franco-Prussian War and the Paris Commune
Chapter 7: From Out of the Ashes: The Defeat of the Commune and the Rise of the International in Italy and Spain
Chapter 8: Very Real Splits in the International
Chapter 9: The Anti-Authoritarian International and the Emergence of the Anarchist Movement
Chapter 10: From Collectivism to Communism and Propaganda by the Deed
Chapter 11: The End (of the International) and the Beginning (of the anarchist movement)
Notes
References
Index
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Robert Graham is the editor of the three-volume anthology of anarchist writings from ancient China to the present day, Anarchism: A Documentary History of Libertarian Ideas. He has been writing about anarchism for over thirty years, beginning with his work on the anarchist newsjournal, Open Road, which was the largest circulation English language anarchist paper of the late 1970s and early 1980s. He has published numerous articles on the development of anarchist theory, including the introduction to Proudhon’s General Idea of the Revolution in the 19th Century, and essays on the role of contract in anarchist ideology, Marxism and anarchism, social ecology, Murray Bookchin, Noam Chomsky, and Colin Ward.