Herodotus was an ancient Greek historian who lived in the fifth century BC (c.484 – 425 BC). He has been called the ‘Father of History’, and was the first historian known to collect his materials systematically, test their accuracy to a certain extent and arrange them in a well-constructed and vivid narrative. The ‘Histories’ – his masterpiece and the only work he is known to have produced – is a record of his ‘inquiry’, being an investigation of the origins of the Greco-Persian Wars and including a wealth of geographical and ethnographical information. The Histories, were divided into nine books, named after the nine Muses: the ‘Muse of History’, Clio, representing the first book, then Euterpe, Thaleia, Melpomene, Terpsichore, Erato, Polymnia, Ourania and Calliope for books 2 to 9, respectively.
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