Drosophila melanogaster is a species of Diptera, or the order of flies, in the family Drosophilidae. This species is one of the most commonly used model organisms in biology, including studies in genetics, physiology, microbial pathogenesis and life history evolution because they are easy to take care of, breed quickly and lay many eggs. In this book, the authors present current research in the study of drosophila melanogaster including: the gametogenesis, embryonic and post-embryonic development of drosophila melanogaster; the significance of stellate genes in drosophila melanogaster; the evolution of drosophila melanogaster retroviruses and the morphogenesis of drosophila melanogaster macrochaetes.