This book collects essays that take on the excavatory, critical, and generative work of rethinking the relationship between South Asia and the world. In examining what kind of new relationships are uncovered between these two geopolitical groupings, the chapters in this book argue that South Asian literature and literary criticism can reframe the common narrative of the powerful Global North and a disenfranchised Global South. This is not always a comforting reframing since it must account for the oppressive roles that South Asian nations sometimes play in regional and intranational theatres. Through myriad disciplinary groundings, theoretical approaches, and objects of study, the essays in this book collectively argue that South Asian literature allows us to think more critically about both the liberatory possibilities of South Asia as a grouping (of nations but also of ideas and aesthetics) as well as the elisions that may happen under such categorization. The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of the South Asia Review.