This volume includes five chapters that detail recent advancements in nanotechnology. Chapter One presents some of the potential applications of nanotechnology in the food industry. Chapter Two provides a systematized approach of the main synthesis and characterization methods of silver nanoparticles, their main biological activities, and their most common daily applications. Chapter Three reviews the use of nanoparticles in the pharmaceutical industry. Chapter Four describes the application of graphene in solar cells, capacitors, batteries, and more. Chapter Five explores the potential of hydrogen peroxide in detecting diseases. Chapter Six deals with the use of nanosilver-labeled polymer glycoconjugates for specific lectins sensing. Chapter Seven explores some nanodosimetric results on DNA damage using the Monte Carlo method. Chapter Eight reviews recent reports on clay-based adsorbent for the purification of wastewater contaminated with toxic dyes and heavy metals. Lastly, Chapter Nine studies an absolute stability of a nanomechatronics system with an electroelastic actuator.