The Ritschlian theology, a reaction against rationalism, was influential in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Ritschl held that God could be known only through the revelation contained in the person and work of Jesus. His theology stressed ethics and the community of man and repudiated metaphysics. Ritschl’s most characteristic work is presented here and has been translated as ‘The Christian Doctrine of Justification and Reconciliation’. In it Ritschl proposes understanding the doctrine of justification in interpersonal rather than juridical categories.
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Hugh Ross Mackintosh (1870-1936) was a notable Scottish minister and theologian who studied under Martin Kähler and Wilhelm Herrmann. Mackintosh had John Baillie and Thomas F. Torrance among his own students. He authored several important books, including The Doctrine of the Person of Jesus Christ and Types of Modern Theology: Schleiermacher to Barth.