This book provides a comprehensive understanding of the discovery of a new cellular structure the ‘porosome, ‘ which is the universal secretory machinery in cells; the protein assembly, biomineralization, and biomolecular interactions; the molecular evolution of protein structure; the use of magnetic nanoparticles for transformative application in medicine and therapy, and the new and novel imaging approach of electrical impedance spectroscopy in biology. It be used for college courses in nanomedicine, nano cell biology, advanced nanotechnology, and biotechnology at the undergraduate and graduate level.