James E. Fischer 
Propaganda and the Internet [EPUB ebook] 

This work summarizes research conducted in the type and frequency of propaganda techniques utilized on the Internet. The fundamental baseline from which research underwent operation was in accordance with the "Seven Propaganda Devices" as established by Alfred and Elizabeth Lee. The devices, Names Calling, Glittering Generality, Transfer, Testimonial, Card Stacking, Plain Folk, and Band Wagon, were published in 1937 by the Lees in response to a multitude of propaganda originating out of Europe just prior to World War II. These techniques for the propagation of disinformation are as relevant today, if not more, as they were during the 1930s and 1940s. Employing a print journalist representative sample by way of a survey instrument, data collected disclosed that although all of the propaganda devices were practiced on the Internet, three techniques stood out as the predominant forms, or styles, for disinformation messaging.