This compilation begins by exploring some socio-anthropological aspects of hypertension, namely the disparity between medical and patients’ understanding of the disease and how this difference affects medical management, self-care and prevention of disease, the process of coping with suffering and other factors. Chapter 2 reviews the current status of various techniques applied in nano-encapsulation of vitamin E in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries and the versatile advantages nano-encapsulation of vitamin E provides for site-specific targeted delivery and effective absorption along cells. Chapter 3 discusses the medical imperative of ensuring pain relief for children facing the end of life, provides information about palliative pain management and summarizes the current literature on the subject. Following chapters present data on the impact of education and reading and writing habits on linguistic processing abilities and other cognitive constructs relating to healthy aging, discussions of ethical dilemmas associated with pediatric palliative care including parents’ decision making and medical futility, and a review of the recommended treatment for multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) with strategies to prevent transmission and treatment failure. Also, the compilation includes a chapter exploring the oral and dental manifestations of Paget’s disease, a bone remodeling disease in which increased bone resorption occurs followed by excessive deposition of structurally inorganized and weaker bone, and a quantitative analysis of the mortality rates due to Parkinson’s disease in the USA from 1976 to 2017.