Targeted therapy is a type of medication that blocks the growth of cancer cells by interfering with specific targeted molecules needed for carcinogenesis and tumor growth, rather than by simply interfering with rapidly dividing cells (eg. with traditional chemotherapy). Targeted cancer therapies may be more effective than current treatments and less harmful to normal cells. This book examines the various targeted therapies for cancer and also focuses on neuro-oncology, the study of cancer of the nervous system.