William Dean Howells (1837–1920) was an influential American realist author and literary critic, heralded for his pivotal role in shaping modern American fiction. Born on March 1, 1837, in Martinsville, now part of Martins Ferry, Ohio, Howells rose from modest beginnings to become a central figure in the literary circles of his time. His career spanned various realms of literature, from novels and plays to essays and criticism. Howells was significantly affiliated with the Atlantic Monthly, eventually becoming its editor, and used that platform to champion the works of other writers, such as Mark Twain and Henry James, while advocating for realism in literature. Howells’ literary style often focused on ordinary people and everyday life, aligning with his belief in the democratization of literature and rejection of romanticism. His work ‘Modern Italian Poets; Essays and Versions’ (1887), exemplifies his scholarly engagement with the wider literary world, contributing translations and critical essays that helped introduce Italian poetry to an English-speaking audience. This work, indicative of his broader literary contributions, further solidified his reputation as a prominent figure in literary criticism. His other notable works include ‘The Rise of Silas Lapham’ (1885) and ‘A Traveler from Altruria’ (1894), which offered critiques of American society, wealth, and class structures. Howells’ impact on American literature was indelible, and he served as the president of the American Academy of Arts and Letters during his later years until his death on May 11, 1920.