Advances in computer science and technology and in biology over the last several yearshave opened up the possibility for computing to help answer fundamental questions inbiology and for biology to help with new approaches to computing. Making the most ofthe research opportunities at the interface of computing and biology requires the activeparticipation of people from both fields. While past attempts have been made in thisdirection, circumstances today appear to be much more favorable for progress. To helptake advantage of these opportunities, this study was requested of the NRC by the National Science Foundation, the Department of Defense, the National Institutes of Health, and the Department of Energy. The report provides the basis for establishingcross-disciplinary collaboration between biology and computing including an analysis ofpotential impediments and strategies for overcoming them. The report also presents awealth of examples that should encourage students in the biological sciences to look for ways to enable them to be more effective users of computing in their studies.