This monograph has evolved from the author’s research work on the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). The SNS is the world’s most powerful accelerator-driven, short-pulse neutron scattering facility for scientific research and industrial development. It consists of a powerful proton accelerator, a liquid mercury target, and neutron scattering instruments. The SNS currently holds the world record for proton beam power for spallation sources, 860 k W, and is expected to achieve the design power of 1.4 MW by the summer of 2010. The SNS accelerator complex consists of a 2.5 Me V H beam injector that includes a high-brightness H ion source and a radio frequency quadrupole, a high-power linear accelerator (linac) of up to 1 Ge V energy with a pulse length of 1 ms at 60 Hz, and an accumulator ring to compress the long linac pulses into short ones of about 700 ns with 1.5E14 protons per pulse.
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