The community land trust (CLT) is a transformative strategy of community-led development on community-owned land that is taking root across the Global North and is now spreading to the Global South. CLTs produce and preserve affordably priced homes, retail spaces, urban (and rural) aglands, and a variety of neighborhood facilities – all developed under the auspices of people who live nearby; all managed to remain permanently affordable for people of modest means. Because of the way these assets are owned and because of the way these organizations are governed, CLTs offer new answers to fundamental questions of “who decides?” and “who benefits?” that should be asked whenever governments, charities, or NGOs invest scarce resources in improving the places where people live.
CLTs are not all alike. Among the hundreds that exist in a dozen different countries, there are numerous variations in how these organizations are structured, how their lands are utilized, how development is done, and how assets are stewarded for future generations. What is called a ‘community land trust’ can vary greatly from one locality to another.
Despite this lack of uniformity, advocates and practitioners have advanced a consistent set of arguments in favor of this strategy. Their multi-faceted case for the CLT says, in essence: When land is owned for the common good of a place-based community, present and future; when development is done by an organization that is a creature of that community, rooted in it, accountable to it, and guided by it; when stewardship is deliberate, diligent, and durable . . . development is more likely to be both equitable and sustainable, especially in places populated by classes and races who have long been disadvantaged and disempowered.
The six essays contained in this monograph are drawn from a lengthier volume entitled On Common Ground: International Perspectives on the Community Land Trust. Most of that volume’s twenty-six chapters were focused on describing conditions, organizations, and polices that precipitated the appearance of CLTs in a range of urban and rural settings. But a number of chapters also looked closely at the philosophy behind this unconventional approach to real property, exploring various ethical, political, and practical justifications for the CLT. These essays were selected for the present monograph. Together, they provide a coherent and compelling rationale for why community land trusts are worthy of consideration, implementation, and support.
Mục lục
Figures vii
Foreword ix
Jerry Maldonado, Ford Foundation ix
David Ireland, World Habitat xi
Why Community Land Trusts? The Philosophy Behind an Unconventional Form of Tenure xxii
John Emmeus Davis, Line Algoed, and María E. Hernández-Torrales
1. The Once and Future Garden City 1
Yves Cabannes and Philip Ross
2. Common Ground: Community-Owned Land as a Platform for Equitable and Sustainable Development 11
John Emmeus Davis
3. Making a Case for CLTs in All Markets, Even Cold Ones 33
Steve King
4. A Reflection on the Bioethics of Community Land Trusts 51
María E. Hernández-Torrales
5. Preserving Urban Generativity: The Role of Porous Spaces in CLT Projects 65
Verena Lenna
6. Better Together: The Challenging, Transformative Complexity of Community, Land, and Trust 77
John Emmeus Davis
About the Contributors 85
Giới thiệu về tác giả
María E. Hernández-Torrales holds an LLM in environmental law from the Vermont Law School and an MA in Business Education from New York University. She studied for her undergraduate and Juris Doctor degrees at the University of Puerto Rico. Since 2005 she has been doing pro bono legal work for the Proyecto ENLACE and for the Fideicomiso de la Tierra del Caño Martín Peña. Since 2008, Hernández-Torrales has worked as an attorney and clinical professor at the University of Puerto Rico School of Law where she teaches the Community Economic Development Clinic.
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