Building forth upon recent developments in democracy theory that have identified multiple forms of legitimacy, this volume observes a EU-wide shift from output legitimacy to input and throughput legitimacy. Top down policy making is increasingly meeting local resistance. As a result, the importance for policy makers of enhancing the democratic legitimacy of their policy plans has increased.
In this volume, nine case studies are presented, seven case studies of protected areas in different countries (Belgium, Germany, Poland, Spain, Finland, France and the UK), and two case studies of protected species (the geese in the Netherlands, and the great Cormorant in Denmark and Italy). These case studies are followed by extensive comments. The volume opens with an introductory chapter on the problematic production of legitimacy in current European nature policy. It concludes with a chapter that situates the case studies within the wider EU environmental policy and political context.
Mục lục
European Nature Conservation Policy Making.- Protected Species.- Wintering Geese in the Netherlands.- Vindicating Arrogant Ecologists.- Legitimacy of Species Management.- Animal Governance: The Cormorant Case.- Protected Areas.- Legitimacy Problems in Spanish Nature Policy.- How to Deal with Legitimacy in Nature Conservation Policy?.- Resistance to Top-Down Conservation Policy and the Search for New Participatory Models.- Visions and Scales of Nature and Society in Nature Management.- Creation of a Bottom–Up Nature Conservation Policy in Poland.- Nature Conservation in Poland and the Netherlands.- Conservation in Context: A View from below.- Towards Governance and Procedural Legitimacy?.- Countries.- Endangered Legitimacy.- Nature Policy in Flanders.- Between European Injunction and Local Consultation.- The Local Implementation of Nature Policy.- Legitimacy of Biodiversity Policies in a Multi-level Setting.- Are Conflicts of Nature Distributive Conflicts?.- Conclusions.- European Union Environmental Policy and Natura 2000.
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