In spite of great advancement in science and technology, we have not been able to solve any human problems for good the problems of relationship and sorrow arising out of the fear of non-being, insecurity, anxiety and attachment. In the present world, human depravation has intolerably increased. Even the physical fear and insecurity abounds. In India, however, from time to time, great spiritual teachers have maintained that the main reason for this state of human beings lies in their ignorance of the true nature of their own self. Naturally, because it is only self-knowledge that reveals the ultimate inclusive truth, goodness and beauty of life and thus, assigns meaning and value to it. Human beings must find this meaning and value of life and be guided by it in living a sane and purposeful existence. This book explores the nature and the foundation of self-knowledge and shows how to approach the problem of attaining it. In this attempt, it makes frequent references to the upanishadic thoughts and the teachings of J. Krishnamurti. Every generation has to be reminded of this ancient wisdom.