Since the end of World War II, Germans have struggled with the legacy of the Wehrmacht—the unified armed forces mobilized by Adolf Hitler in 1935 to ensure the domination of the Third Reich in perpetuity. Historians have vigorously debated whether the Wehrmacht’s atrocities represented a break with the past or a continuation of Germany’s military traditions. Now available for the first time in English, this meticulously researched yet accessible overview by eminent historian Rolf-Dieter Müller provides the most comprehensive analysis of the organization to date, illuminating its role in a complex, horrific era.
Müller examines the Wehrmacht’s leadership principles, organization, equipment, and training, as well as the front-line experiences of soldiers, airmen, Waffen SS, foreign legionnaires, and volunteers. He skillfully demonstrates how state-directed propaganda and terror influenced the extent to which the militarized Volksgemeinschaft (national community) was transformed under the pressure of total mobilization. Finally, he evaluates the army’s conduct of the war, from blitzkrieg to the final surrender and charges of war crimes. Brief acts of resistance, such as an officers’ ‘rebellion of conscience’ in July 1944, embody the repressed, principled humanity of Germany’s soldiers, but ultimately, Müller concludes, the Wehrmacht became the ‘steel guarantor’ of the criminal Nazi regime.
Mục lục
Introduction: Current State of Research
The Army in the Führer’s Totalitarian State
The Regime’s Armed Forces
Training and Front Experience
The Wehrmacht and the Volksgemeinschaft
The War of the Factories
Total War and the War of Annihilation
The Wehrmacht and Operations
Epilogue: The Difficult Legacy
Giới thiệu về tác giả
Rolf-Dieter Müller is former professor of military history at Humboldt University in Berlin. He served as scientific director in the German Armed Forces Center for Military History and Social Science in Potsdam, where he coordinated the German Reich and the Second World War project. Müller is the author of numerous books, including The Unknown Eastern Front: The Wehrmacht and Hitler’s Foreign Soldiers and Enemy in the East: Hitler’s Secret Plans to Invade the Soviet Union.
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