In response to evolving economic and competitive landscapes, this book underscores the increasing importance of focusing on both profit and risk. It provides a distinctive analysis of the risks encountered by investors and savers engaging with financial institutions and markets while offering strategies for effective risk management. Notably, the book explores emerging areas in finance, including asset securitization, off-balance-sheet activities, and the globalization of financial services. Emphasizing a risk measurement and management framework, it addresses the integration of domestic and foreign financial markets and the shift of financial intermediaries towards a unified financial services industry. The content, accessible to students at all levels, combines mathematical rigor with practical tools. It equips students with essential skills for comprehending and navigating the dynamic financial market environment, covering topics such as issuing and trading financial securities, and analyzing financial statements and loan applications. The book strikes a balance between descriptive concepts and analytical techniques, providing a comprehensive understanding of the unique operational context of modern financial markets and institutions.