Coastal East and Southeast Asia are characterized by wet growing seasons, and species-rich forest ecosystems develop throughout the latitudinal and altitudinal gradients. In this region, the Global Change Impacts on Terrestrial Ecosystems in Monsoon Asia (TEMA) project was carried out as a unique contribution to the international project Global Change and Terrestrial Ecosystems. TEMA aimed to integrate forest ecosystem processes, from leaf physiology to meteorological budget and prediction of long-term change of vegetation composition and architecture through demographic processes. Special attention was given to watershed processes, where forest ecosystem metabolism affects the properties and biogeochemical budgets of freshwater ecosystems, and where rivers, wetlands, and lakes are subject to direct and indirect effects of environmental change. This volume presents the scaling-up concept for better understanding of ecosystem functioning.
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Integration of ecophysiological processes to stand dynamics.- Plant responses to elevated CO2 concentration at different scales: leaf, whole plant, canopy, and population.- Abies population dynamics simulated using a functional-structural tree model.- Estimation of aboveground biomass and net biomass increment in a cool temperate forest on a landscape scale.- Latitudinal/altitudinal transect of East Asia.- Dynamics, productivity and species richness of tropical rainforests along elevational and edaphic gradients on Mount Kinabalu, Borneo.- Pattern of changes in species diversity, structure and dynamics of forest ecosystems along latitudinal gradients in East Asia.- Local coexistence of tree species and the dynamics of global distribution pattern along an environmental gradient: a simulation study.- Scaling up from shifting-gap mosaic to geographic distribution in the modeling of forest dynamics.- Monitoring and modeling atmosphere-forest-soil processes.- CO2 exchange in a temperate Japanese cypress forest compared with that in a cool-temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest.- Carbon cycling and budget in a forested basin of southwestern Hokkaido, northern Japan.- Seasonal variation in stomatal conductance and physiological factors observed in a secondary warm-temperate forest.- Forest-lake interface in watershed systems.- Biogeochemical and hydrological controls on carbon export from a forested catchment in central Japan.- Dissolved organic carbon and nitrate concentrations in streams: a useful index indicating carbon and nitrogen availability in catchments.- The production-to-respiration ratio and its implication in Lake Biwa, Japan.- Dynamics of methane in mesotrophic Lake Biwa, Japan.
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