作者: Abu Hamid al-Ghazālī

Abu Hamid al-Ghazālī (1058–1111), also known as Algazel to the Western medieval world, was a prominent and influential Persian Muslim theologian, jurist, philosopher, and mystic. Al-Ghazālī has been referred to by some historians as the single most influential Muslim after the Islamic prophet Muhammad. His intellectual journey and spiritual crisis that led to his eventual revival of faith and Sufism are captured profoundly in his autobiographical account “The Confessions of al-Ghazali: Rescuer from Error” (Al-Munqidh min al-Dalal). His work often deals with the intricacies of Islamic theology, philosophy, and Sufism, reflecting his exhaustive knowledge of the Islamic intellectual tradition. Al-Ghazālī”s exploration of the tensions between philosophical reasoning and Sufi mysticism challenges readers to a nuanced understanding of the human psyche and divine revelation. His critical stance on various philosophical schools of the time, particularly those influenced by Greek thinkers, was instrumental in reshaping Islamic thought during and beyond the Middle Ages. Al-Ghazālī”s teachings contributed significantly to the development of a systematic understanding of Sufism, theology, and jurisprudence within the Islamic tradition. His influence extended beyond the Islamic world, shaping the thinking of Christian and Jewish scholars and leaving an enduring legacy on the philosophy of religion and spirituality.