This book presents and discusses research in the field of earth science, with a focus on the stratigraphic setting of continental shelves of Southern Italy investigated through seismic stratigraphy: crust and upper mantle structure of Northern Eurasia from long-range seismic profiling with chemical and nuclear explosions; multi-storied plantation surfaces, base-level control, and the morphotectonic interpretation of crustal movements in the basement regions of a case study from Zimbabwe; hydrochemical aspects of groundwaters occurring at Basaltic rocks, Parana Basin, Brazil; localization of geochemical aureoles of rare earths in the Northern Region of the Republic of Moldova; groundwater sources, geological formation, and their environment in the Sudan; shale and its beneficial and dangerous characteristics for human beings; remote sensing techniques as an effective tool for systematic survey and better management of natural resources; and the use of climbing plants in heritage bioconservation.