作者: Michael R. Raupach

Christopher B. Field is Director of the Department of Global Ecology at the Carnegie Institution of Washington, in Stanford, California.Michael R. Raupach is Chief Research Scientist in the CSIRO Land and Water Landscape Systems Research Directorate in Australia.The Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment (SCOPE) was established by the International Council for Science (ICSU) in 1969. It brings together natural and social scientists to identify emerging or potential environmental issues and to address jointly the nature and solution of environmental problems on a global basis.With its headquarters in Paris, France, SCOPE programs are conducted by volunteer scientists from every inhabited continent of the globe.