Literary naturalism at play in one of America s most visionary novelists: Cormac Mc Carthy It took six novels and nearly thirty years for Cormac Mc Carthy to find commercial success with the National Book Award winning All the Pretty Horses, followed by major prizes, more best sellers, and Hollywood adaptations of his work. Those successes, though, have obscured Mc Carthy s commitment to an older form of literary expression: naturalism.It is hardly a secret that Mc Carthy s work tends to darker themes: violence, brutality, the cruel indifference of nature, themes which would not be out of place in the writing of Jack London or Stephen Crane. But literary naturalism is more than the oversimplified Darwinism that many think of. Nature may be red in tooth and claw, and humans are part of nature, but the humanity depicted in naturalist literature is capable of love, selflessness, and spirituality, as well.In Unguessed Kinships, Steven Frye illuminates all these dimensions of Mc Carthy s work. In his novels and plays, Mc Carthy engages both explicitly and obliquely with the project of manifest destiny, in the western drama Blood Meridian, the Tennessee Valley Authority-era Tennessee novels, and the atomic frontier of Alamogordo in Cities of the Plain. Mc Carthy s concerns are deeply religious and philosophical, drawing on ancient Greek philosophy, Gnosticism, and Nietzsche, among other sources. Frye argues for Mc Carthy not merely as a naturalist writer but as a naturalist in the most expansive sense. Unguessed Kinships includes biographical and historical context in each chapter, widening the appeal of the text to not just naturalists or Mc Carthy scholars but anyone studying the literature of the South or the West.